Mai Kaya na China Ya Ba da Rangwame Kan Farashi Ga Tsarin Jirgin Kasa Na AllGB Na Yau Da Kullum
Ci gabanGB Standard Steel Railza a iya gano shi tun farkon ƙarni na 19. Kafin amfani da ƙarfe, ana gina layin dogo ta amfani da sandunan ƙarfe na siminti. Duk da haka, waɗannan layukan dogo suna da saurin fashewa da karyewa a ƙarƙashin manyan kaya, wanda hakan ke iyakance inganci da amincin sufurin layin dogo.
Tsarin Samar da Kayayyaki
Sauya daga ƙarfe mai siminti zuwalayin jirgin ƙasaAn fara ne a hankali tsawon shekaru da dama. A tsakiyar karni na 19, injiniyoyi sun fara gwaji da sandunan ƙarfe da aka yi da ƙarfe, waɗanda suka fi ƙarfi da rashin karyewa fiye da sandunan ƙarfe da aka yi da ƙarfe. Duk da haka, ƙarfe da aka yi da ƙarfe har yanzu yana da iyakokinsa dangane da ƙarfi da dorewa.
A shekarun 1860, an ƙirƙiro tsarin Bessemer, wanda ya ba da damar samar da ƙarfe mai inganci da yawa. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi hura iska ta cikin ƙarfen da aka narke don cire ƙazanta da kuma samar da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da tauri.
Gabatar da layukan ƙarfe ya kawo sauyi ga jigilar layin dogo. Layin dogo na ƙarfe sun sami damar jure wa kaya masu nauyi da sauri mafi girma, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar inganci da ƙarfin aiki a tsarin layin dogo. Tare da dorewar layukan dogo na ƙarfe, farashin gyara da lokacin hutu sun ragu sosai, wanda ya ba da damar inganta ayyukan jirgin ƙasa da ci gaba.
Tun bayan ƙaddamar da layin dogo na ƙarfe, ana ci gaba da samun ci gaba a fannin dabarun samar da ƙarfe da kuma ƙirar layin dogo. An ƙirƙiro ƙarfe masu takamaiman halaye, kamar juriyar lalacewa da juriyar tsatsa, don biyan buƙatun sufuri na zamani na layin dogo.
A yau, layukan ƙarfe na ci gaba da zama babban zaɓi ga ginin layin dogo saboda ƙarfinsu, juriyarsu, da kuma ingancinsu. Ana ci gaba da inganta su don biyan buƙatun masana'antar sufuri da ke ƙaruwa koyaushe.
Girman Kayayyaki
| Sunan Samfurin: | GB Standard Steel Rail | |||
| Nau'i: | Layin Dogo Mai Kauri, Layin Dogo Mai Kauri, Layin Dogo Mai Sauƙi | |||
| Kayan aiki/Bayani: | ||||
| Layin Dogon Mota: | Samfuri/Kayan aiki: | Q235, 55Q | Bayani: | 30kg/m², 24kg/m², 22kg/m², 18kg/m², 15kg/m², 12kg/m², 8kg/m². |
| Layin Dogo Mai Kauri: | Samfuri/Kayan aiki: | 45MN, 71MN; | Bayani: | 50kg/m², 43kg/m², 38kg/m², 33kg/m². |
| Layin Jirgin Ruwa: | Samfuri/Kayan aiki: | U71MN； | Bayani: | QU70 kg /m ，QU80 kg /m ，QU100kg /m ，QU120 kg /m . |
GB Standard Steel Rail::
Bayani dalla-dalla: GB6kg, 8kg, GB9kg, GB12, GB15kg, 18kg, GB22kg, 24kg, GB30, P38kg, P43kg, P50kg, P60kg, QU70, QU80, QU100, QU120
Daidaitacce: GB11264-89 GB2585-2007 YB/T5055-93
Kayan aiki: U71Mn/50Mn
Tsawon: 6m-12m 12.5m-25m
| Kayayyaki | Matsayi | Girman Sashe (mm) | ||||
| Tsawon Layin Dogo | Faɗin Tushe | Faɗin Kai | Kauri | Nauyi (kg) | ||
| Layin Jirgin Ƙasa Mai Sauƙi | 8KG/M | 65.00 | 54.00 | 25.00 | 7.00 | 8.42 |
| 12KG/M | 69.85 | 69.85 | 38.10 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15KG/M | 79.37 | 79.37 | 42.86 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18KG/M | 90.00 | 80.00 | 40.00 | 10.00 | 18.06 | |
| 22KG/M | 93.66 | 93.66 | 50.80 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24KG/M | 107.95 | 92.00 | 51.00 | 10.90 | 24.46 | |
| 30KG/M | 107.95 | 107.95 | 60.33 | 12.30 | 30.10 | |
| Layin Dogo Mai Layi | 38KG/M | 134.00 | 114.00 | 68.00 | 13.00 | 38.733 |
| 43KG/M | 140.00 | 114.00 | 70.00 | 14.50 | 44.653 | |
| 50KG/M | 152.00 | 132.00 | 70.00 | 15.50 | 51.514 | |
| 60KG/M | 176.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| 75KG/M | 192.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| UIC54 | 159.00 | 140.00 | 70.00 | 16.00 | 54.43 | |
| UIC60 | 172.00 | 150.00 | 74.30 | 16.50 | 60.21 | |
| Layin Dogon Ɗagawa | QU70 | 120.00 | 120.00 | 70.00 | 28.00 | 52.80 |
| QU80 | 130.00 | 130.00 | 80.00 | 32.00 | 63.69 | |
| QU100 | 150.00 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 38.00 | 88.96 | |
| QU120 | 170.00 | 170.00 | 120.00 | 44.00 | 118.1 | |
FA'IDA
Nau'i da ƙarfinhanyar jirgin ƙasaAna bayyana su ta hanyar kimanin nauyin (kilogram) a kowace mita na tsawon. Misali, nau'ikan layin dogo na yau da kullun a China sune 43kg/m, 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m, da sauransu. Tsawon layin dogo na yau da kullun a China: 43kg/m shine 12.5m ko 25m; tsawon layin dogo sama da 50kg/m shine 25m, 50m, da 100m. Je zuwa masana'antar walda ta layin dogo don walda shi zuwa layin dogo mai tsawon mita 500, sannan a kai shi wurin ginin kuma a walda shi zuwa tsawon da ake buƙata.
Takaddun ƙa'idodin layin dogo na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman buƙatun tsarin layin dogo da ƙasa. Duk da haka, wasu ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi sun haɗa da:
Nauyin Layin Dogo: Nauyin layin dogo yawanci ana bayyana shi a fam a kowace yadi (lbs/yd) ko kilogiram a kowace mita (kg/m). Nauyin layin dogo yana ƙayyade ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya da juriyar layin dogo.
Sashen Layin Dogo: Tsarin layin dogo, wanda aka fi sani da sashen layin dogo, na iya bambanta. Wasu sassan layin dogo na gama gari sun haɗa da sashen I (wanda aka fi sani da sashen "I-beam"), sashen UIC60, da kuma sashen ASCE 136.
Tsawon Lokaci: Tsawon layin dogo na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman tsarin layin dogo, amma tsawon da aka saba yawanci yana tsakanin mita 20-30.
Ma'auni: Yankuna ko ƙasashe daban-daban na iya samun takamaiman ka'idoji don layin dogo na jirgin ƙasa. Misali, a Arewacin Amurka, Ƙungiyar Layin Dogo ta Amurka (AAR) ta kafa ƙa'idodi don takamaiman ka'idojin jirgin ƙasa.
Karfe Mai Inganci: Takamaiman matakin ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi a layin dogo na iya bambanta. Matakan ƙarfe da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da ƙarfen carbon (kamar A36 ko A709), ƙarfe mai ƙarfe (kamar AISI 4340 ko ASTM A320), da ƙarfe masu zafi (kamar ASTM A759).
Juriyar Lalacewa: Layin dogo yana fuskantar lalacewa akai-akai daga ƙafafun jiragen ƙasa. Saboda haka, juriya ga lalacewa muhimmin abu ne ga layin dogo. Ana iya amfani da nau'ikan shafa ko magani daban-daban a saman layin dogo don inganta juriya ga lalacewa.
Sauƙin Walda: Haɗaɗɗun layukan dogo galibi suna buƙatar walda don haɗa sassan layukan dogo daban-daban. Saboda haka, ƙayyadaddun layukan dogo na iya haɗawa da sharuɗɗa don walda don tabbatar da ingantaccen ƙarfi da dorewa na walda.
Lura: Yana da mahimmanci a koma ga takamaiman ƙa'idodin layin dogo da ake amfani da su a yankinku ko ƙasarku don cikakkun bayanai da daidaito.
AIKIN
Kamfaninmu'sƙayyadaddun ƙarfe na dogoAn jigilar tan 13,800 na layin dogo na ƙarfe da aka fitar zuwa Amurka a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tianjin a lokaci guda. An kammala aikin ginin tare da shimfida layin dogo na ƙarshe a kan layin jirgin ƙasa. Waɗannan layukan dogo duk sun fito ne daga layin samar da kayayyaki na duniya na masana'antar layin dogo da ƙarfe, suna amfani da Tsarin Duniya zuwa mafi girma da kuma mafi tsaurin ƙa'idojin fasaha.
Don ƙarin bayani game da kayayyakin layin dogo, tuntuɓe mu!
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Mai samar da layin dogo na kasar Sin, layin ƙarfe na china, GB Standard Steel Rail
AIKACE-AIKACE
HaskenLayin Jirgin ƘasaAna amfani da shi ne musamman don shimfida layukan sufuri na ɗan lokaci da layukan jirgin ƙasa masu sauƙi a yankunan dazuzzuka, wuraren haƙar ma'adinai, masana'antu da wuraren gini. Kayan aiki: 55Q/Q235B, ƙa'idar zartarwa: GB11264-89.
1. Filin sufuri na jirgin ƙasa
Layin dogo muhimmin sashi ne na gina da gudanar da layin dogo. A fannin sufuri na layin dogo, layukan ƙarfe suna da alhakin tallafawa da ɗaukar nauyin jirgin, kuma ingancinsu da aikinsu kai tsaye suna shafar aminci da kwanciyar hankalin jirgin. Saboda haka, layukan dogo dole ne su sami kyawawan halaye na zahiri da na sinadarai kamar ƙarfi mai yawa, juriyar lalacewa, da juriyar tsatsa. A halin yanzu, ma'aunin layin dogo da yawancin layukan dogo na cikin gida ke amfani da shi shine GB/T 699-1999 "High Carbon Structural Steel".
2. Fannin injiniyan gini
Baya ga filin jirgin ƙasa, ana kuma amfani da layukan ƙarfe sosai a fannin injiniyan gini, kamar gina cranes, cranes na hasumiya, gadoji da ayyukan ƙarƙashin ƙasa. A cikin waɗannan ayyukan, ana amfani da layukan a matsayin tushe da kayan aiki don tallafawa da ɗaukar nauyi. Ingancinsu da kwanciyar hankalinsu suna da matuƙar tasiri ga aminci da kwanciyar hankali na dukkan aikin ginin.
3. Filin injuna masu nauyi
A fannin kera injuna masu nauyi, layukan dogo suma wani abu ne da aka saba amfani da shi a kan titin jirgin sama wanda aka yi da layukan dogo. Misali, wuraren aikin yin ƙarfe a masana'antun ƙarfe, layukan samarwa a masana'antun motoci, da sauransu. Duk suna buƙatar amfani da layukan dogo da aka yi da layukan ƙarfe don tallafawa da ɗaukar injuna masu nauyi da kayan aiki masu nauyin tan goma ko fiye.
A takaice dai, amfani da layukan ƙarfe a fannin sufuri, injiniyan gini, manyan injuna da sauran fannoni ya ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban waɗannan masana'antu. A yau, tare da ci gaba da ƙirƙira da haɓaka fasaha, ana ci gaba da sabunta layukan don daidaitawa da ci gaba da ingantawa da neman aiki da inganci a fannoni daban-daban.
MAKUNKURI DA JIRGIN SAUYA
Inganta tsarin sassan sassan GB Standard Steel Rail shi ma yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin inganta tauri da juriya ga lalacewa.
A ɓangaren kan layin dogo na farkon layin dogo, saman layin dogo yana da laushi, kuma ana amfani da baka masu ƙaramin radius a ɓangarorin biyu. Har zuwa shekarun 1950 da 1960, an gano cewa komai siffar kan layin dogo da aka tsara tun farko, bayan lalacewar ƙafafun jirgin ƙasa, siffar layin dogo da ke saman layin dogo kusan zagaye ne, kuma radius na layin dogo a ɓangarorin biyu yana da girma sosai. Kwaikwayon gwaji ya gano cewa barewar kan layin dogo yana da alaƙa da yawan damuwa game da taɓawa da layin dogo a cikin layin kan layin dogo. Domin rage lalacewar cire layin dogo, duk ƙasashe sun gyara ƙirar layin dogo don rage lalacewar filastik.
Da farko, ƙasashe sun bi irin wannan ƙa'ida wajen tsara keken kai na GB Standard Steel Rail: keken saman jirgin ƙasa ya yi daidai da girman keken kai gwargwadon iko, wato, girman keken kai, kamar layin dogo 59.9kg/m a Amurka, keken kan jirgin ƙasa an amince da shi R254-R31.75-R9.52; layin dogo 65kg/m na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, keken kan jirgin ƙasa ya ɗauki R300-R80-R15; layin dogo na UIC 60kg/m, bututun kan jirgin ƙasa ya ɗauki R300-R80-R13. Za a iya gani daga sama cewa babban fasalin ƙirar sashe na kan jirgin ƙasa na zamani shine amfani da lanƙwasa masu rikitarwa da radius uku. A gefen kan jirgin ƙasa, ana ɗaukar layi madaidaiciya mai kunkuntar saman da ƙasa mai faɗi, kuma gangaren layin madaidaiciya gabaɗaya shine 1:20~1:40. Ana amfani da layi madaidaiciya mai babban gangara a ƙasan muƙamuƙin kan layin dogo, kuma gangaren gabaɗaya yana tsakanin 1:3 zuwa 1:4.
Na biyu, a yankin sauyawa tsakanin GB Standard Steel Railhead da kugu na layin dogo, domin rage tsagewar da yawan damuwa ke haifarwa da kuma ƙara juriyar gogayya tsakanin farantin kifi da layin dogo, ana kuma amfani da lanƙwasa mai rikitarwa a yankin sauyawa tsakanin kan layin dogo da kugu na layin dogo, kuma ana amfani da babban ƙirar radius a kugu. Misali, layin dogo na 60kg/m na UIC yana amfani da R7-R35-R120 a yankin sauyawa tsakanin kan layin dogo da kugu. Jirgin dogo na 60kg/m na Japan yana amfani da R19-R19-R500 a yankin sauyawa tsakanin kan layin dogo da kugu.
Na uku, a yankin sauyawa tsakanin kugu da ƙasan layin dogo, domin a sami sauƙin sauyi na ɓangaren, ana kuma amfani da ƙirar lanƙwasa mai sarkakiya, kuma ana haɗa canjin a hankali da gangaren ƙasan layin dogo cikin sauƙi. Kamar layin dogo na UIC60kg/m, ana amfani da R120-R35-R7. Jirgin dogo na Japan mai nauyin 60kg/m yana amfani da R500-R19. Jirgin dogo na China mai nauyin 60kg/m yana amfani da R400-R20.
Na huɗu, ƙasan ƙasan layin dogo duk lebur ne, don haka sashin yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali. Fuskokin ƙarshen ƙasan layin dogo duk suna kan kusurwar dama, sannan a zagaye su da ƙaramin radius, yawanci R4~R2. Gefen ciki na ƙasan layin dogo yawanci ana tsara shi da layuka biyu masu lanƙwasa, wasu daga cikinsu suna ɗaukar gangara biyu, wasu kuma suna ɗaukar gangara ɗaya. Misali, layin dogo na UIC60kg/m yana ɗaukar gangara biyu 1:275+1:14. Jirgin dogo na Japan mai nauyin kilogiram 60/m yana ɗaukar gangara ɗaya 1:4. Jirgin dogo na China mai nauyin kilogiram 60/m yana ɗaukar gangara biyu 1:3+1:9.
GININ KAYAN
An yi shi a China, sabis na ajin farko, inganci na zamani, shahara a duniya
1. Tasirin sikelin: Kamfaninmu yana da babban sarkar samar da kayayyaki da kuma babban masana'antar ƙarfe, yana cimma tasirin girma a fannin sufuri da saye, kuma ya zama kamfanin ƙarfe wanda ke haɗa samarwa da ayyuka.
2. Bambancin Samfura: Bambancin Samfura, duk wani ƙarfe da kuke so ana iya siyan sa daga gare mu, galibi yana aiki a cikin tsarin ƙarfe, layukan ƙarfe, tarin takardar ƙarfe, maƙallan photovoltaic, ƙarfe na tashar, coils na silicon da sauran samfura, wanda ke sa ya fi sassauƙa Zaɓi nau'in samfurin da ake so don biyan buƙatu daban-daban.
3. Ingantaccen wadata: Samun layin samarwa mai ƙarfi da sarkar samar da kayayyaki na iya samar da ingantaccen wadata. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu siye waɗanda ke buƙatar adadi mai yawa na ƙarfe.
4. Tasirin alama: Suna da tasiri mafi girma a cikin alamar kasuwanci da kuma kasuwa mafi girma
5. Sabis: Babban kamfanin ƙarfe wanda ke haɗa keɓancewa, sufuri da samarwa
6. Farashin gasa: farashi mai ma'ana
* Aika imel zuwa[an kare imel]don samun ƙiyasin ayyukanku
ZIYARAR KASUWANCI
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai
1. Ta yaya zan iya samun ƙiyasin farashi daga gare ku?
Za ku iya barin mana saƙo, kuma za mu amsa kowane saƙo akan lokaci.
2. Za ku isar da kayan a kan lokaci?
Eh, mun yi alƙawarin samar da kayayyaki mafi inganci da kuma isar da su akan lokaci. Gaskiya ita ce ƙa'idar kamfaninmu.
3. Zan iya samun samfurori kafin oda?
Eh, ba shakka. Yawanci samfuranmu kyauta ne, za mu iya samar da su ta hanyar samfuranku ko zane-zanen fasaha.
4. Menene sharuɗɗan biyan kuɗin ku?
Lokacin biyan kuɗinmu na yau da kullun shine ajiya 30%, kuma sauran ya dogara da B/L. EXW, FOB, CFR, da CIF.
5. Shin kuna karɓar duba na ɓangare na uku?
Eh lallai mun yarda.
6. Ta yaya muke amincewa da kamfanin ku?
Mun ƙware a harkokin kasuwancin ƙarfe tsawon shekaru a matsayinmu na masu samar da zinare, hedikwatarmu tana lardin Tianjin, muna maraba da yin bincike ta kowace hanya, ta kowace hanya.
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